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What Is Neuropathy

Neuropathy is damage or dysfunction of one or more nerves that typically results in numbness, tingling, muscle weakness and pain in the affected area. Neuropathies frequently start in hands and feet, but other parts of the body can be affected too.

Neuropathy, often called peripheral neuropathy, can result from traumatic injuries, infections, metabolic problems, inherited causes and exposure to toxins. One of the most common causes is diabetes.

Symptoms of Neuropathy

Neuropathy symptoms ultimately depend on the underlying cause and the individual but some of the common symptoms are:

  • Temporary or permanent numbness
  • Tingling, prickling, or burning sensation
  • Increased sensitivity to touch
  • Pain
  • Muscle weakness or wasting
  • Paralysis
  • Dysfunction in organs or glands
  • Impairment to urination and sexual function

What are the types of Peripheral Neuropathy?

More than 100 different types of peripheral neuropathy exist. Each type has unique symptoms and specific treatment options. Peripheral neuropathies are further classified by the type of nerve damage involved. Mononeuropathy occurs when only one nerve is damaged. Polyneuropathies, which are more common, occur when multiple nerves are damaged.

When to see a doctor

Call your doctor for an appointment if you have:

  • A cut or sore on your foot that is infected or won’t heal.
  • Burning, tingling, weakness or pain in your hands or feet that interferes with daily activities or sleep.
  • Changes in digestion, urination or sexual function.
  • Dizziness and fainting.